Yes. You can install weston (the compositor) and xwayland (compatibility layer) from the repos then start weston from the command line instead of startx. If you're using gtk-3 apps/themes the libwayland files should already be installed. X-apps work, but re-sizing windows was a pain. I did manage to lock up the system a couple of times; but it all may have been user error. Weston has some internal keybindings so I may have done something inadvertantly.
Wayland doesn't run well in VM - from what little I have read, it has to do with the video drivers.
That screen shot is actually weston running in an x-session; I don't have an app to take a screenshot in a native wayland session; gnome-screenshooter may work.